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Objective:To analyze the relationship between the structure of health resource supply and the growth structure of medical expenditure in Fuzhou.Methods:In accordance with hospital scale category standards, health resources provided for medium and large hospitals were categorized as high quality resources, while those provided for urban community health centers and township hospitals, and those for hospitals with less than 200 beds were categorized as primary health resources. The descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the health resource allocation and supply in Fuzhou; The structure decomposition method was used to decompose 2016—2019 hospitalization expenditure, and the principal component analysis was used to discuss the influencing factors of differences in the growth structure of hospitalization expenses.Results:In accordance with such factors as the economic development level, health service needs and geographical locations of districts and counties of Fuzhou city, 12 districts/counties were divided into three levels. The number of high-quality health resource medical institutions deployed in the first and second-level regions accounted for 78.95% of all. Among them, GL and TJ districts were equipped with hospital beds accounting for 44.29% of the total high-quality beds of all, while those resources of third-level regions were mostly primary health resources.From 2016 to 2019, medical expenditure of public hospitals kept rising. As found in structural decomposition, scale effect was the fundamental driver, followed by the structural effect, and then the inflation effect. This study identified increased inpatient service demand as the main driver for increased costs. Principal component regression results found that increased supply of high quality health resources as having a positive pull effect on the increase of hospitalization expenditure.For example, expansion of hospital beds at large hospitals contributes positive effect on the cost inflation( β1=0.421, P<0.001). On the other hand, investment in primary health resources could play a constraint role on excessive growth of medical expenditure, while the overall deployment level of their health resources affected negatively the patient flow(beds/per thousand population β2=-0.303, P<0.001). Conclusions:The structure of health resource supply is strongly related to the structure of medical expenditure growth. It is suggested to differentiate the allocation of high-quality and basic-quality health resources and optimize the supply structure of resources. It is also imperative to strengthen the investment in basic health resources and enhance the medical and health service capabilities of related institutions, in order to optimize the flow of residents′ medical visit flow and guide medical expenditure growth in a reasonable manner.
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Objective@#To compare such supply structure differences of health resources as number of beds and manpower at medical institutions of different types, and to analyze the extent and direction of the health resources supply in affecting the growth of medical expenses.@*Methods@#Clustering analysis was used to cluster health resources indicators in Fujian province. The hierarchical regression model was used to estimate the impact of such factors as population, social economy and health resource supply structure on medical cost growth. All the sample data were logarithmically processed to eliminate the influence of different index measurement units on the analysis results.@*Results@#The clustering indicators of health resources were classified into two categories: basic and quality health resources indicators. The per capita GDP had a positive impact on the per capita total hospital expenses(β=0.228, P<0.05), and the number of basic beds had a negative impact on the per capita total hospital expenses(β=-0.719, P<0.001). The increase in basic bed allocation had a significant effect on reducing the total cost of hospitalization per capita, but the regression results of quality health resources were generally not significant.@*Conclusions@#From the perspective of supply-side reform policy, the supply structure of health resources should be in line with the growth level of medical expenses, and the control of medical expenses should be strengthened. The government should strengthen the pertinence in the selection and target of health resource investment to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of health care.
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Objective To compare such supply structure differences of health resources as number of beds and manpower at medical institutions of different types,and to analyze the extent and direction of the health resources supply in affecting the growth of medical expenses.Methods Clustering analysis was used to cluster health resources indicators in Fujian province.The hierarchical regression model was used to estimate the impact of such factors as population,social economy and health resource supply structure on medical cost growth.All the sample data were logarithmically processed to eliminate the influence of different index measurement units on the analysis results.Results The clustering indicators of health resources were classified into two categories:basic and quality health resources indicators.The per capita GDP had a positive impact on the per capita total hospital expenses (β =0.228,P ＜ 0.05),and the number of basic beds had a negative impact on the per capita total hospital expenses (β =-0.719,P ＜ 0.001).The increase in basic bed allocation had a significant effect on reducing the total cost of hospitalization per capita,but the regression results of quality health resources were generally not significant.Conclusions From the perspective of supply-side reform policy,the supply structure of health resources should be in line with the growth level of medical expenses,and the control of medical expenses should be strengthened.The government should strengthen the pertinence in the selection and target of health resource investment to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of health care.
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Objective To analyze the relationship of self-consciousness,internet addiction and life satisfaction in rural adolescents.Methods 443 rural adolescents were investigated with Children's Self-concept Scale,Adolescent Life Satisfaction Scale (ALSS) and Secondary School Students Internet Addiction Diagnostic Scale (IADDS).Results ①The differences between left-behind and non-left-behind rural adolescents were significant in self-concept ((51.28± 12.86) vs (55.01 ± 11.58)),ALSS((27.68±7.38) vs (31.25± 4.36)) and IADDS((4.87±3.38) vs (3.22±2.39))(t=-3.121,P＜0.05;t=-6.384,P＜0.05;t=5.968,P ＜0.05).The differences between boys and girls were significant in self-concept ((52.28± 12.44) vs (55.35±11.66)),ALSS((29.36±6.36) vs (30.71±5.16)) and IADDS((29.36±6.36) vs (30.71±5.16))(t=-2.680,P＜0.05;t=-2.424,P＜0.05;t=5.146,P＜0.05).The differences between only child and non-only child were significant in ALSS ((29.04± 6.77) vs (30.56 ± 5.18)) and IADDS ((4.44± 3.08) vs (3.05 ±2.45))(t=-2.659,P＜0.05;t=2.818,P＜0.05).The differences of different academic performance were significant in self-concept,ALSS and IADDS (F=-4.788,P＜0.05;F=9.127,P＜0.05;F=17.387,P＜0.05).②There was a significant negative correlation between self-consciousness and internet addiction(r=-0.337,P＜0.01).There was a significant positive correlation between self-consciousness and life satisfaction (r=0.660,P＜0.01),and there was a significant negative correlation between life satisfaction and internet addiction.(r=-0.484,P＜0.01).③Life satisfaction was the mediator variable between self-consciousness and internet addiction,and the mediating effect accounted for 90.8％ of the total effect.Conclusion Self-awareness influence internet addiction through life satisfaction.
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BACKGROUND:As a kind of dental implant material, the application of titanium has certain restrictions because of its higher probability of postoperative bleeding rate, infection and gingival hyperplasia. Studies have shown that polymethylmethacrylate has been used in artificial joints and artificial bones, but rarely reported to be used as dental implant material. OBJECTIVE:To explore the biocompatibility indexes such as cytotoxicity, cel adhesion rate, relative cel proliferation rate and post-implantation inflammatory response of human osteoblasts when pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate are used as dental implant materials, so as to provide certain reference basis for the clinical usage of polymethylmethacrylate as the dental implant material. METHODS:Human osteoblasts were cultured in vitro. Three groups were divided as folows: control group (cels cultured normaly), pure titanium group (cels cultured with titanium extract) and polymethylmethacrylate group (cels cultured with polymethylmethacrylate extract). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the cel adhesion rate was significantly decreased after 2, 4, 8 and 16 hours of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts (P < 0.05); the cel adhesion rate in the polymethylmethacrylate group was higher than that in the pure titanium group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the cels were sparse and grew slowly after 2 days of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts. Cels in the polymethylmethacrylate group grew faster with fusiform distribution and obvious drawing phenomenon. Compared with the control group, the relative cel proliferation rate was significantly decreased after 2 days of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts (P < 0.05); the relative cel proliferation rate of polymethylmethacrylate group was higher than that of the pure titanium group (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory factors in rat serum was significantly increased after 7 days of implantation of titanium and polymethylmethacrylate materials (P < 0.05), the expression of inflammatory factors in the polymethylmethacrylate group was less than that in the titanium group (P < 0.05). There was only one rat developing alergic reaction, but no pyrogen reaction and no death in the polymethylmethacrylate group; and three rats presented with alergic reaction, one rat present with pyrogen reaction and no death occurred in the pure titanium group. These results demonstrate that as the dental implant material, polymethylmethacrylate is superior to pure titanium in the cel toxicity, inflammatory response and biocompatibility.